Yes. The post you refered to was before the mentioned settings were introduced (I noted that was a few weeks after release) and as such at that time the only way to achieve what you wanted to achieve. Additionally the post didn't hint at singleplayer / local world usage either, as it specifically talks about "setting up a server", hence I assumed your group is hosting a public server for a cycle - there was no need for a warning given that assumption, there was no plan to remove the setting within the forseeable lifetime of a server. Communication only included incentivization of everyone (including servers, like here) to not use that setting after introduction of the claim settings, because as of then all things players were used to were possible with settlements on. Before we only warned singleplayers specifically that this makes the world unsupported. Sorry for that. I obviously cannot guarantee that every single response was the same in that regard either, in the end I'm not using canned messages, nor is anyone else from the team.
The wiki is fully community managed and so is nearly all its content - everyone is free to add information on there, we unfortunately don't have the resources to participate in content for it at this time. Curating documentation unfortunately is extremely time consuming and priority pretty low compared to all other tasks that are around. All server settings are documented in the Server UI, though.
For a global government you need to set "EnableAdminUI" to true in Civics.eco and configure "SettlementFoundationBaseInfluence" in Settlements.eco for federations to have a base influence that fills the whole planet (depends on planet size, 1200 works for 2.56 km² which is the maximum supported planet size). Then, spawn a Federation foundation with /give, place it, target it and force-enable it with /fe command. Open it and remove the checkmark for "Requires child settlements". That's it. If you don't want any settlements to be founded, you can prevent that via different laws, for example by preventing their crafting, placement or founding which is each a one liner. (Guys on discord law help can help with that if necessary)