There's been a few crazy things that never lasted too long I haven't seen mentioned as much.
There was Nasus who could crit with his stacks, I think this was an intended change that made it to live to help open up more builds but back the Triforce had Crit and with an IE and some stacks you just bonked for 2k over and over. I only ever did it in a bot game just to live the dream in the brief window it was on live.
Another Nasus one was when his ult was accidentally set to 100% AP per tick on the damage aura instead of 1% or something to that effect, you basically just went AP Nasus, flash in and Zhonya's with your ult and kill everyone around you.
Yorick pre-rework had a bug where he could infinitely respawn through his clone ult thing and he could just run it down and face tank towers while you got credit for 500 kills on him but it didn't matter.
Oh and AP Tryndamere. That was one of the all time greats. It was there for years but no one did it until someone found a random gold player spamming it and turbo climbing to diamond or something. Then it spread and boy oh boy was it crazy. Basically Tryn's Q could easily heal for like 700 on a tiny cooldown, his Spin would AoE for 500-1000 and his built in crit was enough to make the cooldown tiny since you could itemize CDR in the build. This also let him pseudo-flash over and over and be impossible to pin down. And since you had CDR his ult had like a 20 second cooldown and lasted 7 seconds so when you finally caught him and got through 1500 points of healing, he'd ult, run away, heal up, go back to pushing and just win the game by himself.
When something is so broken it makes the meta just about them, it's a good candidate.