Flotaku said it best, there really is no way for the game to determine when a person leaves due to an accidental disconnection or power outage versus someone who could fake those issues in order to abuse any loopholes. We also don’t want players playing Competitive if they are frequently encountering issues either, and they should take time to fix and thoroughly test in low-stake modes like Quick Play that those issues are resolved. This is why the starting penalty is relatively small but will quickly ramp up. If a player continues to ignore their technical issues and continue to leave games, the result can be a suspension from Competitive Play for the remainder of the season, which will result in the loss of all end-of-season rewards. Hope this information helps, and I hope your technical issues will resolve soon.
For anyone who sees this, if you are dealing with persistent disconnection or game crashes, our customer service team may be able to help, which you can reach out to at Blizzard Support.