Here's the series of events that happened after I got everything I needed to fight the lich:
-Acquire mods, two of which are not the same mod that was revealed post-mission. (Said Jahu, menu tells me Ris; Said Fass, menu tells me Netra)
-Apply mods on parazon in random order: Vome, Netra, Ris
-Attempt 1: Take on lich for the first time, get the animation when the first bar of HP is depleted, all three mod names are chanted in order
-Lich falls to his knees, game is soft locked after holding D to Vanquish and squad has to extract for me
-Attempt 2: Only the first two mods are chanted on the animation, lich disappears once it ends
-Attempt 3: Swap the last two mods, take on the lich, first mod is chanted, the second is marked red and the lich defeats me properly
-Attempts 4-6: I revert to the original mod order. I have to get to the end of the last bar for the animation to happen, and only two of the mods are chanted but I get either soft locked or the lich disappears
At this point I'm just going to assume my lich is so stupidly bugged to the point where it's impossible to defeat it. I'm certain I'm not the only one dealing with this issue and I really hope it gets looked at as soon as possible. Until then, I'm not going to touch the lich that has almost my entire star chart under its control by now.