Ahoy @Raven2303!
Let's take a look at the items you listed. Also make sure you disable any mods (if you're running any) or run WOWS in safe mode:
1. Bomb whistle plays at the end of every game when heading back to port screen, despite no carriers in match and happens even in Big Hunt mode.
Try resetting your audio to the default settings; if that doesn't help, do a "check/repair" of the game client
2. Armory does not load on first try, loading circle disappears and all progress to bring up the armory stops.
3. In game news article tab has the same problem as Armory loading glitch.
4. Naval Battles tab has the same problem as Armory loading glitch.
5. Clan tab some times has the same problem as Armory loading glitch.
This would indicate a connectivity problem with the cloud server, make sure you're Internet connection is stable and your ISP is not experiencing any issues; note the times that it happens
6. At the end of a game, screen flashes back to the end of last game's end screen before credits pop up, then fixes itself after 2 seconds.
7. As above, first game in the day does not switch to previous end game screen and instead flashes a black screen for 2 seconds.
Yup, these are known issues and will likely be fixed at the release of Update 0.9.11
8. Screen flashes black to black for 3 seconds when inviting another player to a division.
Possibly related to your connectivity and the loading glitch
9. Game has to do first step install after every launch of the game on Steam.
Do an integrity check of your game files on the Steam launcher https://na.wargaming.net/support/en/products/wows/article/10688/
10. Heracles's wave guns firing nothing, what ever was meant to be added there is not added or is invisible.
Are you not seeing the wave moving out from under the main battery towards the target?
https://worldofwarships.com/en/news/general-news/big-hunt-the-key-to-victory/
11. After taking Critical Damage, sound of the hull being shot is INCREDIBLY LOUD.
You can adjust the damage sound settings in the Audio tab: