Though polytopia appears to take place in a mostly classical or medieval setting with some fantasy inspiration, it contains elements that, to me, suggest it is actually a distant post-apocalyptic future.
I know that is a common theory for games with ruins (ahem Minecraft), but it's more than that. 1. Most of the tribes resemble real world civilizations, but they start as tiny villages with very little territory and only through conquest expand throughout the world. While this is the common setup for 4X strategy games, it could be interpreted as being reduced and isolated societies of survivor descendants, also explaining the cultural traits but lack of industrial/tech capacity.
The ruins contain technology more advanced than the polytopians' because they are the remnants of the long lost civilization.
Gunpowder weapons, like battleship projectiles, incidentally found in ruins, could also be inherited from this past and would explain why the meta is so unbalanced.
The Vengir inhabit a wasteland that was perhaps harder or more directly struck than the rest of the square. It is said they were banished there as opposed to being the original inhabitants.
If there was a nuclear war, the special tribes, giants, and rhinopigs make sense as mutations. This being the distant past, most of the square has recovered. The vengir's wasteland being an exception, which hasn't really healed.
I'm sorry if my post runs afoul of established lore or if it's already been thoroughly discussed (I use infinity reddit client which has a pretty strict search). I've played for years but I'm not exactly an active community participant.
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