Hey @Freyouz,
If you've put in an appeal using these steps and categories, you shouldn't need to resume the case. That's more of a general option for cases in general rather than anything specific to an appeal.
Once the appeal's been put in, our Terms of Service team will review what was actioned and will reach back out via email to let you know the result. You can keep an eye on the case history page as well as that should update once they've completed the investigation.
While I can definitely understand where you're coming from in repeating something someone said back to them rather than intending it as an insult, these are typically going to come down to whether whatever message was posted from your account was inappropriate or not, regardless of who said something first.
Generally if something inappropriate was mentioned and both sides were reported, both would be actioned for it, not just the instigator. The appeals aren't really a system to try and make a judgement call about a discussion or interaction, but more to double-check whether the chat that resulted in an action was a violation of our Rules of Conduct.
To that end it's usually best, as you mentioned, to mute those trying to start something rather than engaging with them. I would highly recommend reporting them as well before doing so however, or you can always use these reporting steps (Other Options > EA Help) if you don't get a chance to do so in-game. That way you're not placing your own account at risk and we can take a look at the other account instead.
As long as the appeal was put in with the steps linked above, you should be hearing back shortly. Thanks for the patience in the meantime!