Game freezes every few game days

BSoD are always Windows, driver or hardware faults I'm afraid. Next time you get one, record the text on taht screen, which should help pinpoint to cause of it.

The one in that dxdiag says:

Fault bucket 0x119_2_DRIVER_FAILED_SUBMIT_COMMAND_nvlddmkm!LDDM_SubmitCommand, type 0
Event Name: BlueScreen

Which points to the nVidia driver or hardware.

That CAN be caused by overheating, so Right-click on stellaris.exe, properties, compatibility. Tick "disable fullscreen optimizations" untick every other box in that dialog, Apply, and exit.
Then in the launcher Game Settings menu, select the fullScreen display mode, Vsync off, refresh rate 60.

If still a problem
Please report the temperatures of your CPU and video (GPU)
1/ before starting the game up and
2/ after say 10 minutes' play.
If your PC's vendor has given you no way of reading temperatures, install
SPEEDFAN http://www.almico.com/sfdownload.php  

officermed said: I made all the changes, and it is still hesitating every few days. It looks like it may be a temperature issue (see attached). I'm going to adjust the fans in the BIOS to always on to see if that helps. Please let me know if you have any other suggestions and thank you so much.

Actually that top temp of 61c will not be causing this problem; that happens up at 80c or so. Your problem is elsewhere - unfortunately!

Did you attach that save because it is the only galaxy this happens with? Or it happens in others too? And/or a new one you might start now as a test?

Per @jpd 's idea, try this windows repair tool:

Use the System File Checker tool to repair missing or corrupted system files - Microsoft Support

Describes how to use the System File Checker tool to troubleshoot missing or corrupted system files in Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows 7 or Windows Vista. support.microsoft.com  

You could try the good folks over in User Mods, who are more familiar with save game file structures than we here are.

My guess is there is just too much going on in this galaxy for the game to cope, possibly editing some players or stars or fleets out might help.