If you run eu4.exe directly from file explorer, do you see Windows error 0xC0150004 ? If so that seems to indicate a Windows problem. Please try this repair tool
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Use the System File Checker tool to repair missing or corrupted system files - Microsoft Support
Describes how to use the System File Checker tool to troubleshoot missing or corrupted system files in Windows 8.1, Windows 8, Windows 7 or Windows Vista.